In the often overlooked, but vibrant world of San Diego county’s desert landscapes, the relationship between the chuparosa (Justicia californica) and Costa’s Hummingbird (Calypte costae) unfolds as a captivating dance of nature. This pair is not only connected in natural history, but also in names! Chuparosa, is the Spanish word for ‘hummingbird,’ which becomes a favorite spot for a Costa’s Hummingbird to visit.

This low bush, which thrives in dry, hot regions amid sandy or rocky terrains, explodes with tubular red flowers with ample rain. With its wide lower lip, each long flower offers a delightful spectacle as it opens up, inviting the vibrant hum of these feathered visitors. These hummingbirds play a vital role in the chuparosa’s pollination, and in exchange receive the delicious nectar.

Like many desert dwelling plants, the chuparosa’s adaptation to the desert’s seasonal rhythm is a marvel. When responding to drier conditions, it suspends blooming and sheds its succulent leaves during the scorching summer, therefore conserving energy. But with the arrival of fall and winter rains, the plant rejuvenates, showcasing its resilience through the red and sometimes yellow flowers. 

These vibrant flowers provide a stage for the Costa’s mating ritual, and it is quite the show. Mr. Costa, who is adorned with striking purple throat feathers, engages in a dance of U-shaped patterns and high-pitched whistles in attempts to woo the onlooking female, and potential future mother of his young. 

Beyond its aesthetic appeal, this shrub provides a haven for the enchanting Costa’s hummingbird, which can help create a thriving mini backyard ecosystem, and if lucky enough, perhaps even a courtship show in the spring!

Additional Animals

Kangaroo Rats (Dipodomys sp)
Kangaroo rats are primarily seed eaters, who never drink water; they generate water from dry seeds and other foods. What an incredible and necessary adaptation for this desert dweller.

Tiny Checkerspot (Dymasia dymas)
The”Tiny Checkerspot” butterfly uses the Chuparosa as its host plant, feeding on nectar as an adult, as well as laying eggs on the leaves, and consuming the leaves as a caterpillar.

Desert Stink Beetles/Darkling Beetle (Eleodes sp)
These bumbling large black beetles strut along the desert floor. Be careful not to alarm them, as they will do a handstand and spray a deterrent of quinone or similar substances as a deterrent.

Additional Plants